M.A
Sem :- 1
Roll
No:- 28
Enrollment No:- 2069108420170002
Unit
:- 4
Sub:-
The Neoclassical Literature
Topic:-
Anti-Sentimental Comedy of Oliver Goldsmith And
Anglo-Iris Physician and Writer.
Department of English M.K.B.U.
Department of English M.K.B.U.
Email:-priyankabaraiya8895@gmail.com
Anti-sentimental comedy of Oliver
Goldsmith.
“She Stoops to conquer”
·
Introduction: She Stoops to Conquer is a comedy
by Anglo Irish
and author Oliver
Goldsmith that was first
performed in London in 1773.
The play is a favourite for
study by English
literature and theatre classes in the
English-speaking world.
It is one of the few plays
from the 18th century to have
an enduring appeal, and is still regularly
performed
today.
In the sentimental comedy Goldsmith and Sherridan
attempted a
rival of the restoration comedy of manners without its coarseness
and immorality and they both succeeded because of their theatrical
talents.
However they were ultimately powerless against the time
of tears
which flowed in response to scene of touching distress and moving
repentance in most comedies of the time.
Goldsmith and Sherridan plays are satire sentimental
comedy.
·
What is
Anti-sentimental Comedy ?
An Anti-sentimental comedy is the comedy of manner less,
vulgarity and protenity.
Anti-sentimental comedy entertains the audience by making
them laugh and not by making them sad with tears.
Biography:-
Goldsmith’s birth date and year are not known with
certainly.
According to the library of congress authority file he told a
biographer that he was born on 10th November 1728. In 1744
Goldsmith
went up to trinity college, Dublin. He studies in the
theology and law. He fell
to the bottom of his class. He settled in
London in 1756 where he briefly held
various jobs, including and
apothecary’s assistant and an usher of a school.
Goldsmith
described by contemporaries as prone to envy, a congenial bur
impetuous and disorganized personality
who once planned to
emigrate to America but failed because he missed ship.
His premature death in 1774 may have been partly due to
his own
misdiagnosis of his kidney infection.
Goldsmith was buried in Temple church in London.
There is a monument to him in the centre of ballymahon.
Also in the centre of West Minster abbey with an epitaph
written by Samuel Johnson.
Works:-
·
The vicar of Wakefield
·
The Traveller
·
The good natured Man
·
She stoops to conquer
·
The deserted Village
The citizen of the world.
In 1760 Goldsmith began to publish a series of letters in
the public ledger under the title citizen of the world. Purportedly written by a
Chinese traveller in England by the name of Lien Chi, they used this fictional
outsider's perspective to comment ironically and at times moralistically on
British society and manners.
The Deserted Village:-
In the
1760s Goldsmith witnessed the demolition of an ancient village and destruction
of its farms to clear land to become a wealthy man's garden. His poem The Desertea Village, published
in 1770, expresses a fear that the destruction of villages and the conversion
of land from productive agriculture to ornamental landscape gardens would ruin the peasantry.
In popular culture
Two characters in the 1951 comedy The
lavender Hill Mob quote the same line
from Goldsmith's poem "The Traveller" – a subtle joke, because the
film's plot involves the recasting of stolen gold.
During the opening credits of the SKY
One adaptation
of Sir Terry Pratchett's Christmas story "The Hogfather", a portrait of Goldsmith is shown as
part of a hall of memorials to those "exhumed" by the Ankh-Morpork
Assassins' Guild.
Title:
The title refers to kate’s
rush of pretending to be a bar maid to
reach her goal. It originates in the
poetry of Dryden, which
goldsmith may have seen misquoted by lord chesterfield
in
chesterfield version, the lines in the question read “ The prostrate
lover ,
when he lowest lies. But stoops to conquer, and but knees to
rise.”
Types
of comedy:-
This type of comedy She stoops to conquer represents ,has
been
much disputed. However, there is a consensus among audience and
critics
that the play is a comedy of manners.
Comedy
of manners:-
The play can also be seen as
a comedy of manners in which, in a polite society setting, the comedy arise
from the grap between the characters attempts to preserves standards of polite
behavior, that contrast to their true behavior.
Laughing
comedy or sentimental comedy:-
It was discussed as an
example of the revival of laughing comedy over the sentimental comedy seen as
dominant on the English stage since the success of the conscious lovers written
by sir Richard steele in 1722. Some theatre historian believe that the essay was written by Goldsmith
as a puff piece for she stoops to conquer as an example of the laughing comedy.
Which Goldsmith had touted
name was linked with that of Richard
Brinsley , Sherridan , author of the rival
and the school for scandal-
bearers for the resurgent laughing comedy.
Comedy
of errors:-
This play is some times
described as a farce and a comedy of errors, because it is based on multiple
misunderstandings , hence Marlowe and Hastings believing the Hardcastle’s is an
inn.
Satire:- Satire
in where characters are presented as either ludicrous or eccentric such a
comedy might leave the Impression that the characters are either too foolish or
corrupt to ever restorm hence Mrs. Hardcastle.
Memorable
lines:-
Perhaps referencing Goldsmith’s
own experiences abroad bushing
across Europe after barley eking out a college
degree.
The play includes these
lines..
“ Let school masters
puzzle their brain,
With grammar, and nonsense
and
Leaving good liquor, I
stoutly maintain.
Gives genius a better
discerning.”
Features /
characteristics of Anti-Sentimental comedy:-
Anti-sentimental
comedy called comedy of manners like…
·
Wit
·
Laughter
·
Farce
·
Irony, verbal, situation and dramatic
·
Disguise
She Stoops to
conquer:-
Introduction:-Most
everyone has been the target of practical joke and most have been on blind
dates. Oliver Goldsmith bases his 1723 comedy “She stoops to conquer” on two
such incidents , creating a complicated , convoluted plot based on
miscommunication and mistaken identities at the same time Goldsmith explores a series of ethical and
aesthetic issues.
Audience
responded favorable to she stoops to conquer when Goldsmith’s play debuted 1723
and have continued to do ever since. Significantly from its debut , it earned popular approval and remains
today one of the few 18th century plays to be regularly performed
for modern audience while the play proves funny and entertaining it also marks
an important steps in the development of comic
theory. Significantly Goldsmith’s play changed the farce of comic theater
eclipsing the popular sentimental comedy of the day.
And
for those who believe the play’s seems
Far-fached, Oscar james Campbell noted in an
introduction to chief plays of Goldsmith and Sherridan.
She stoops to
conquer by Goldsmith analysis:-
The play was first performed in 1773.
She stoops to conquer is a comedy by Anglo-Irish
, author is
Goldsmith that was first performed in London.
The play is favourite for study by English
literature and theatre
classes in the English speaking world.
It is one of the few plays of
the 18th century to have an
enduring appeal and is still regularly
performed today . It has been
adopted in to a films several times including in
1914 and 1923.
Initially the play was titled Mistakes of a Night, and indeed ,
the
events within play take place in one long night . play take place in
one
long night in 1728 John okeefe wrote a loose seavel, tony
lumpkin in town.
Characters of
She stoops to Conquer:-
There are many characters in she stoops to
conquer .
·
Charles Marlow
·
George Hastings
·
Tony Lumpkin
·
Mr.Hardcastle
·
Mrs.Hardcastle
·
Miss.Kate Hardcastle
·
Miss.Constance Neville
·
Sir Charles Marlow
Here is some
information about some of the characters :-
When marlow arrives at Mr.Hardcastle’s House
, dealing his house
to be in he orders Mr.Hardcastle for several things . The
situation
make us laugh Hartley.
Miss.Hardcastle disguses her self as bar maid to conquer Marlow,
in
fact it was a cheating.
Tony picks up the jewelry box and gives it to
Hastings.
Then he helps his mother in searching the
box. This way he cheats
her mother.
Miss Neville and Tony pretends to like each
other to please
Mrs.Hardcastle.
The fact was different, Neville loved
Hastings.
In she stoops to conquer wit and humour mark
the development of
character and situation at early stage .
It was possible due to intrigue.
There are castles of interest which divine characters like marlow
and miss.Hardcastle, Tony and Miss. Neville.
Tony and Mrs.Hardcastle and even Hastings and
Miss Neville
there is an intriguing situation with mirth and laughter she
stoops to conquer indicates the claim true comedy as against sentimental
comedy.
Authors from
Neoclassical age who wrote about Anti-
sentimental comedy:-
In neoclassical age there are two writers who
wrote about the anti-
sentimental comedy.
·
Oliver Goldsmith
·
Sheridan
Oliver
Goldsmith:-
Oliver Goldsmith very success in this comedy,
many types give
about the information like type of comedy, comedy of manners,
laughing comedy, or sentimental comedy etc..
And his work in “The Hermit” focus on this
literature.
The Hermit:-
Goldsmith wrote this romantic ballad of
precisely 160 lines in
1765. The hero and heroine are Edwin a youth without
wealth or
power and Angelina the daughter of a lord “Beside the type”.
Angelina spurns many wooers but refuses to
make pain her love for young Edwin “quite dejected with my scorn”
Edwin disappears and became a Hermit.
Sheridan:-
Introduction:- Sheridan’s full name was Rev
Hon Richard Brinsley
Sheridan. He was born in the year 1751, in Dublin.
Sheridan As
Dramatist:-
The place Sheridan occupies as a dramatist
depends partially upon
the unique poetry of English drama in 18th
century. It seems that
after the birth of dramatic literature in the time of
the Restoration .
About
Sheridan’s Memorable play:-
The three plays which are still remembered
are
1.
The Rivals
2.
The school for scandal
3.
The critic
Each is the farcial and sentimental.
The school for scandal follows the time spirit of
comedy
as is generally .
“The critic” is a farce pure and simple as a writer
of such piece. Sheridan’s place is safe and secure but it can not be a very high
place, because a pavcity of production.
Conclusion:-
In an anti-sentimental comedy of Oliver Goldsmith
and
irish there are clashes of interest which divide
characters like Marlow and
Miss.Hardcastle ,Tony
and Miss.Neville , Tony and Mrs.Hardcastle and
even
Hastings and Miss.Neville there is an
interesting situation with mirth and
laughter she
stoops to conquer indicates the claim of true
comedy as against
sentimental comedy.
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